Structural engineering or structural design is a process that one goes through to complete a construction project. It is an art and science that knows the specific behavioral components of load and designs them with economy and dignity to provide a safe, useful and durable framework. The process of structural design involves three main phases: planning, design, and construction. During the planning phase, factors involved in a structure, such as concrete buildings or steel buildings, are taken into account.
The design phase requires the consideration of living load in the design of a structure, as well as the potential for future expansion. Structural Design Guidelines should also be taken into account. When calculating a wind load, the shape of the building or structural member does not need to be taken into account. The own weight of a dead load of any structural member is calculated as a product of its own weight and volume.
Good detail ensures that the structure acts as designed and does not marginalize the appearance of the exposed surface. Once the architectural engineer establishes the function and design of the structure, the role of the structural engineer begins which can be summarized in four stages:
1.Structural Planning
After obtaining an architectural plan of the building, structural planning of the building frame is carried out. A detailed tour of all mechanical openings, ducts and location of mechanical units shall be made to ensure structural compatibility.2.Alternative Structural System
The next step is to develop alternative structural systems that meet all requirements.These alternatives will be examined not only for the obvious requirements of structural economy and efficiency, but also investigated in such a way that the structural system is compatible with the mechanical and electrical design and especially with the functional, aesthetic and budgetary requirements of the architect and the owner.
3.Structural Analysis
The third stage involves performing a structural analysis to determine if the structure can withstand all loads applied to it. This includes wind loads, seismic loads, snow loads, etc.4.Final Design
The final stage is to develop a final design that meets all requirements for safety, functionality, economy, and aesthetics.This includes detailing all components such as beams, columns, foundations, etc., as well as detailing connections between components. Using BIM technology and working closely with IT infrastructure can automate this entire process. To see how Kreo Design automates this process as described above, request a demo.
